Chile is a country that stretches along the western coast of the continent on the Pacific Ocean. Chile has an unusual ribbon-like shape. It is 4,300 km long and only 175 km wide. The capital city is Santiago. Chile has numerous offshore islands and islands in the open ocean (around 3,000 islands in total), including Juan Fernández and the famous Easter Island. This place is known mainly for 887 stone statues, called moai, which are placed on stone platforms. They are the most famous achievement of the Polynesian inhabitants of the island. Most of those stone statues were carved in tuff from the Rano Raraku volcano with basalt tools. The purpose of these objects is unknown. There have been many theories about this speaking of statues as images of deities or ancestors. One theory is that the moai indicated drinking water sources. It is not known how heavy blocks of stone were moved.
Chile has high level of education and has one of the lowest illiteracy rates in the continent (4% of the population aged 15 and over). Primary education lasts 8 years and is compulsory and free. Chile is also one of the most economically developed countries in South America, with a gross domestic product of $ 14,900 per capita (2008) and a high average annual growth rate of gross domestic product. It is also one of the least indebted countries in South America and 141st in this ranking in the world.
Torres del Paine National Park in the south of Chile has been voted the eighth wonder of the world. The country has 2,000 volcanoes, 500 of which are theoretically active. The tallest building in Chile is the Gran Torre Santiago in Santiago, 300 meters high (62 stories). It was built in 2012. It is the tallest building in South America.
Two Chilean citizens won the Nobel Prize. One of them was Pablo Neruda, winner of the Nobel Prize in literature in 1971. Neruda is considered one of the most outstanding and influential poets of the 20th century. Colombian writer Gabriel García Márquez, Nobel Prize winner, was named Pablo Neruda the greatest poet of the 20th century of all languages. The second winner was Gabriela Mistral - a Chilean poet, diplomat and educational activist, who received the Nobel Prize in literature in 1945. She began to write poetry after the suicide of the railway worker she was associated with. Love poems commemorating the deceased Sonetos de la muerte, published in 1914, gained her great popularity.
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